Use SOSTAC to prepare a strategy document on how Gold Reef City Assignment - 1

Use SOSTAC to prepare a strategy document on how Gold Reef City (casino) could take the Rewards Programme from a functional experience to an emotional experience - Assignment Example A lot of time and resources go into running a business. Casinos, in particular, are a very tricky business to venture into because they require constant scrutiny, and if the owners are not cautious enough, the business may go bankrupt. Individuals frequent casinos to enjoy themselves while at the same time trying to make some money. Gambling is the primary activity that occurs within casinos and has brought both good and bad fortunes to the people who frequent casinos. Numerous numbers of people have lost billions of dollars in these casinos while quite a number of people have gained wealth from casinos. Some unscrupulous dealers operate some casinos and fleece their customers of their hard-earned money. It is, therefore, important that the authorities investigate these casinos for malpractice and fraud. The Gold Reef City Casino has to conduct a situation analysis before it can commence its operations. A situation analysis is a collection of methods that the organizations management uses to analyze its influences to better understand the organization`s capabilities, business environment and customers. A situation analysis consists of two areas namely micro and macroeconomics. Microeconomics refers to the study of business and individual decisions while macroeconomics refers to the study of higher decision makers, for example, the government. Macroeconomics looks at the external forces and factors that affect the business. The Gold Reef City casino has also conducted a situation analysis, and the recommendations were divided into two categories Micro and macroeconomics. The microeconomics include the new developments and upgrades that are well underway and the soon to be completed. The casino has invested in a new gaming area that is expected to bring in more customers and consequently more revenue. The incorporation of a new gaming system, which has

Impact of Gender Inequality on Social Development Outcomes

Impact of Gender Inequality on Social Development Outcomes Reviewing the literature, it is clear that gender inequality has no positive effects on social development outcomes. On growth, the net impact of gender inequality is quite ambiguous; it can be a great hindrance to growth or only circumstantially support it. Wages and income are rapidly affected and can change aggregate demand. These differences in wages and income regulate the incentive systems which plan investment in human capital, which in turn affects growth. Gender gaps in education, on the other side are unfavorable to long term growth, due to the large positive externalities generated by female education, enhanced parental human capital dissemination and reduced fertility. Gender inequality in health and life expectancy impede long term growth and efficiency due to reduced working lives and lower productivity levels. These health and education impacts are the obstacle produced by gender inequality to social development. On social development, gender inequality is generally harmful, as equality improves societal health and education outcomes, as well as generating large externalities for society as a whole. The economic effects of gender inequality are now well recognized, despite the lack of a precise and broad body of research and literature. Chapters Two and Three emphasize the significance of gender equality in education and health as both are essential determinants of growth and social development. It is vital to continue this target to obtain the gains from improved female education while exercising concern not to overlook men’s own gender particular problems. Gender equality is definitely a dominant economic tool for economic and social development, requiring the foundation of opportunities for both sexes to maintain long-term growth, economic efficiency, social development and good governance. Ceteris paribus, there is enough evidence to believe that in the long-run, achievement of the goal of gender-equal opportunities in labor, health and education is far more efficient than the pervasive gender inequality we see today. The policy issue now will be to convert equality of opportunities into equal outcomes. The complexity of gender inequality does indeed stress that there may be a ‘market failure’ in achieving gender-equitable outcomes, but there is insufficient evidence to state whether or not forced outcomes will yield net productivity gains compared with the gender inequality existing conditions. Gender gaps in health and life expectancy harm a nation’s long term growth and productivity, and in employment they have negative effects on aggregate demand and short run output. Furthermore, female capital per worker has been shown to have a higher return than male capital per worker, and practical application of neoclassical theory shows that a higher steady-state output and growth rate will correspond with capital investment that is skewed towards the female. The benefits and costs to economic growth imposed by gender inequality are clearly skewed so that a reduction in gender inequality is a more favorable outcome to reach a higher long-term growth path, as the circumstantial and exceptional studies are somewhat more myopic and set over a certain period. Gender inequality may also promote growth in that it is a second-best solution for a male dominated political conflict and civil unrest which arises out of inequality. Having women bear the greater share of a nation’s income inequality, as they have historically done in patriarchal societies, may be a preferred option to society as a whole bearing this burden. It will decrease the likelihood of militant groups forming, and conflict then erupting over income inequality, which would create a far greater obstacle to growth. All of these findings suggest that gender inequality is harmful for the health and education aspects of social development, while supporting the policy opinion of lessening education and health gaps between men and women – often by targeting women directly. The other forms of social development previously discussed – health and education – have an important effect on the reduction of poverty and there is a high degree of linkage, especially with the different degrees of poverty and different definitions. These definitions have been broadened from just monetary poverty to include poverty in opportunity, capabilities, institutions and much more. While gender inequality and poverty are closely related, there is adequate evidence to show that reducing gender inequality only is not enough to reduce poverty. Just as economic growth, education, investment, aid or any other single variable is not enough to address poverty, neither is improving gender equality. Poverty reduction through gender equality will be brought about through a number of means – including health, education, and economic growth. While positive health and education outcomes are admittedly very useful tools for addressing poverty, the degree to which gender inequality directly determines poverty rates is very uncertain, and we cannot specify that simply improving gender inequality will reduce poverty. The influences of gender equality on human capital and economic growth are far better tools for poverty reduction than blindly putting more women in school, jobs and parliament. CONCLUSION  Ã‚  RECOMMENDATIONS Conclusion Gender differences in all socio economic aspects of earnings, wages, ability, health, capital and poverty broadened in several countries because women cannot have access and control over resources, gain from economic opportunities, and determine their authority in political field. The outcome suggests that an exogenous boost in girls’ access to education creates an enhanced environment for economic growth and that the effect is mostly strong for middle income countries. However the indirect effects on growth happen through the growth externalities of fertility, investments in children. I have reached the conclusion that gender inequality normally has undesirable effects on all facets of socioeconomic development. Moreover, there are extremely little facts to advocate that any economic effectiveness vs. gender parity trade off exists gender equality is also gender efficient. Gender inequality is now gradually becoming known as an imperative macroeconomic variable, but still not considered as a major determinant of growth. Recommendation The economic effects of gender inequality are now well recognized, despite the lack of a specific and extensive body of research and literature. I have been able to draw some definitive policy recommendations from the research conducted in this project, but there is still much to understand if we are to act effectively and decisively. International development practitioners have adopted the policy of ‘gender mainstreaming’, but despite this involving both sexes by definition, there is a recurring and persistent focus on women. In advanced economies, women are now more educated than men and male tertiary enrolments are declining,[1] meaning that we should expect to see a decline in aggregate male human capital. This may be a concern, especially if men are better at mathematics and technical sciences. Furthermore, the declining fertility rates of these advanced economies have led to serious skill shortages, population shortages, and structural labor market problems. This project offers clear evidence that gender equality may assist in poverty reduction through a number of different channels, but that it cannot be expected to directly, independently and systematically reduce poverty. It is recommended that gender equality is never viewed as a ‘magic-bullet’ solution to poverty reduction or ‘development’. In fact, it appears that promoting gender equality in education and employment may be one of those few policies that have been termed ‘win-win’ strategies. It would promote economic welfare and effectiveness, promote other critical human development goals such as lower mortality and fertility, and it would be intrinsically valuable as well. The task at hand is to develop a framework to understand and deal with the reinforcing social and economic structures of gender inequality. [1] WDI, 2009

Road to Fluency Essay -- Language

For the past decades, a vast amount of immigrants have made their way into our nation. For work, reuniting with family, fleeing from poverty, and various other reasons many immigrants have added to our already massive and diverse population. Along with picking up and moving their life to the United States, many of these immigrants that have fled to our nation have brought along their families. More specifically though is the many immigrant children that have been brought to America. By the time the new millennium reached in the year 2000, â€Å"over 3 million students in the U.S. schools were counted as ‘limited English proficient’, a number that is almost double what it was just 10 years before† (Olsen 2). With our nations’ schools increasing in English language learners it has now reached a point where these students are not always the minority. Because of this it puts more attention on theses students and it has been said by many specialists that not enough attention has been paid to including these English language learners appropriately since their arrival. However, the most challenging task for teachers has been to take these English language learners and make them fluent in English. In order for our nations’ teachers to meet the needs of the many English language learners, teachers today must incorporate strategies to successfully teach writing and literacy. One can only imagine how it would feel to come to a new country and not know the native language, but for English language learners this is a challenge they face everyday. As immigrants, these students lack knowledge of the English language and as they are put in the U.S. school system they face the challenge of not only learning English but also learning other sub... ...ively teach ELLs to be successful in writing and literacy, and more importantly to become successful and happy students. Works Cited Beckett, E. Carol and Perry Kay Haley. â€Å"Using Standards to Integrate Academic Language into ESL Fluency.† The Clearing House. 74. 2 (2000): 102-104 Brice, Alejandro and Celeste Roseberry-Mckibbin. Turning frustration into success for English Language Learners. Educational Leadership, 56.7 (1999): 53-55. Jong, Ester and Candace A. Harper. â€Å"Preparing Mainstream Teachers for English- Language Learners: Is being a Good Teacher Good Enough†. Teacher Education Quarterly (2006) Myer, Lois. â€Å"Barriers to Meaningful Instruction for English Learners.† Theory into Practice. 39.4 (2000): 228-36. Olsen, Laurie. â€Å"Learning English and Learning America: Immigrants in the Center of A Storm.† Theory into Practice. 39.4 (2000): 196-202

Oedipus the King Essay

In Sophocles’ Oedipus the King, the themes of fate and free will are very strong throughout the play. Only one, however, brought about Oedipus’ downfall and death. Both points could be argued to great effect. In ancient Greece, fate was considered to be a rudimentary part of daily life. Every aspect of life depended and was based upon fate (Nagle 100). It is common belief to assume that mankind does indeed have free will and each individual can decide the outcome of his or her life. Fate and free will both decide the fate of Oedipus the King. Both sides of the argument can be greatly supported. The Greeks believed in the idea that personality of the individual greatly affected his or her life (Nagle 120). Their personality was what decides their own free will. A wise man will make good decisions in his life; an ignorant and stubborn man won’t be so fortunate. The character traits of a person have a certain positive or negative affect on the choices that he or she makes. For Oedipus, one of these attributes was the desire for knowledge and truth about his own existence. This driving force in the play led to the truth of his origin. This ties in with his own aspect of free will. His free will is based on his drive for knowledge. Throughout the entire play, Oedipus pushes Tiresias, Creon, Jocasta, the oracle, the messenger, and the shepherd for information regarding his beginnings. Each one of these characters in some way or form refused to give him a thorough answer. As he draws closer to the answer, another character tries to stop his journey. Oedipus continues moving onward even though others request he didn’t. â€Å"Oh no, listen to me, I beg you, don’t do this†¦. Listen to you? No more. I must know it all, see the truth at last † (Sophocles 195). His desire for truth kept pushing him to continue his search, ultimately leading to his downfall. The entire time Oedipus had the capability to discontinue the plight. However he made the independent decision to continue. Another instance where choices directly linked Oedipus to the prophecy was at the crossroads. Oedipus demonstrates an important trait in his character, stubbornness. This trait is visible when Oedipus reacted to the man pushing him aside at the crossroads. â€Å"the one shouldering me aside, the driver, I strike him in anger! †¦. I killed them all–every mother’s son! † (Sophocles 189). In ancient times when a caravan was coming down the road they usually pushed you to the side. Oedipus didn’t like this and flipped out, killing all of them. It was his stubbornness that caused this to happen. His personality led to the decision to kill the caravan and unknowingly, his father too. If he were a wise and content man, then his decision would have differed. When Oedipus defeated the Sphinx by solving the riddle, he could have refused to take the missing king’s throne. He could have also declined to marry the former king’s wife, unaware that the queen was his own mother. He accepted both of these without any regrets. If his decision was different it might have altered the course of events in the future. His personality made sure that the decisions went the way they did. These choices were made by Oedipus with his own free will, his own decisions. He didn’t have to accept these gifts, but did none the less. These conclusions would lead to his own demise, but they were his own mistakes, not fate. Free will can also be found in the actions of Jocasta and Laius. The choices they made were not made by their own judgement, but rather reactions to a situation that neither of them was prepared to deal with. Upon hearing the prophecy that foretold the future sins in their household; they made a harsh decision out of fear. They had little Oedipus sent to die at the foothills of a mountain. This reaction seems very cruel, but back in ancient times it was very natural. Being that an oracle foretold the prophecy, Jocasta and Laius responded as any Greek parents would. They solved the problem by removing Oedipus from the equation, but in the end their decision wasn’t the right one. This leaves the readers of the play to wonder what might have happened if Jocasta and Lauis never sent Oedipus to die as an infant. Would the prophecy still have taken place? It seems that it wouldn’t have, because Oedipus wouldn’t have engaged in the misled wandering after he left his adopted home. Oedipus would have had no reason to fulfill the prophecy, but that is another question that we don’t know. On the other hand, if Oedipus didn’t listen to the prophecy suggested to him in Corinth, he never would have returned to Thebes to carry out his destiny. All these instances can be looked at that free will was the deciding factor. Was it really? Fate can also be looked upon in every instance, equally a strong argument against free will. Oedipus’ desire for knowledge can also be looked at by the standpoint of fate. He was born with his own stubbornness. The Gods themselves made him that way and it can not be changed. No matter what his decisions were, their gift to him will lead to the path they gave him. He can’t escape the fate the Gods have given him. He kept pushing farther and father, but it just led to his downfall. Nothing he could have done would have stopped that. The prophets make this clear in their prophecies throughout the text. All the premonitions they say come true. They can’t be avoided because the Gods made you with your personality and it controls your life. Ultimately they control you. When Oedipus reaches the crossroads, it was fate that led to the events that took place. â€Å"Short work, by god-with one blow of the staff† (Sophocles 189). This quote reveals that the gods did play apart in the events that took place. Oedipus’ prophecy was to kill his own father. Unwillingly because of his stubbornness Oedipus struck down and did indeed kill his father. Because the gods gave him this trait, his fate was unavoidable. The traits of Oedipus would generate the right sequence of events that would eventually lead to his prophecy coming true. Oedipus’ personality was the cause of the events. His free will blended in with the fate given to him by the gods. All together it was fate that decided these actions. The prophecy given to Lauis and Jocasta is also another example of unavoidable fate. Even though it wasn’t there own choices to get rid of their son, their reaction to the prophecy set up the events for the future. If they never sent Oedipus to die at the mountainside, he most likely never would have killed Lauis at the crossroads. Their reaction was to a message given to them by the Gods. The Gods dictated what was going to happen. They told the prophet to give out the prophecy. Leading to the vanquishing of little Oedipus. All along every action leads to ones fate in life. The greatest show of fate in the text is when Oedipus gauges his eyes out with the golden clips. He does this in reaction to the events that take place. Oedipus was aware that he alone was responsible for his actions and gauged his own eyes out. That is the free will standpoint on the issue. Oedipus was at the same time not responsible for his actions. The gods controlled his personality and therefore controlled the outcome of his life. If Oedipus realized this he might not have taken his own sight. The gods use their power to provoke human’s free will. They were responsible for the demise of Oedipus, but in the same time convince the human that it was there fault. Free will and fate can be related to every aspect of Oedipus the King. The gods who control fate manipulate the thinking and concepts in human’s free will. Ultimately fate is what overcomes all. It may not seem like it, but free will was given to mankind by the gods or God. So in turn the gods decide the fate of everybody when they created man. It was already decided and can not be changed. One can still argue the position that free will is more dominant, but if you relate to creation and how the gods made man, fate overcomes. In Oedipus the King, Sophocles made it clear to his fellow Greeks that mankind has the ability, even with prophecies and oracles, to make choices free from influence of divine forces. He also shows that fate does play a part in human’s lives too. They tie into each other for a direct balance. Overall, fate is the divine power that controls free will and determines one’s life.

How to Create Book Report Essay

We Are Witnesses: Five Diaries of Teenagers Who Died in the Holocaust by Jacob Boas Rescue: The Story of How Gentiles Saved Jews in the Holocaust by Milton Meltzer Hiding to Survive: Stories of Jewish Children Rescued from the Holocaust by Maxine B. Rosenberg Parts of the Book Report: Title Page Actual Book Report Contents of Book Report: 1. Discuss the setting of the book. 2. Give a summary of the book by discussing the real person’s/people’s life/lives. 3. Discuss the character/person’s traits and support them with examples from the book. 4. Discuss the theme – the message of the book and some interesting facts you learned from this book. 5. Give your opinion of the book. Include the answers to the following: *How would you rate the book? Why? *What part of the book affected you and in what way? *Do you think the book gave an honest account of the personOs life? *Do you admire any of the people in the book? Why? Book Report: Fiction Kris’s War by Carol Matas Lisa’s War by Carol Matas Parts of the Book Report: Title Page Actual Book Report Contents of Book Report: 1. Discuss the setting of the book. 2. Give a summary of the book by discussing the real person’s life. 3. Discuss the main characters’ traits and support them with examples from the book. 4. Discuss the theme – the message of the book. 5. Give your opinion of the book. Include the answers to the following: *How would you rate the book? Why? *What part of the book affected you and in what way? *Do you think the book gave an honest account of a person’s life during the Holocaust? Hint: Follow guide sheets for book report for the four elements of a book; there is one more thing added this time – your opinion.

Hanging Upside Down is Fun! The Other Side of The Essay Expert

Hanging Upside Down is Fun! The Other Side of The Essay Expert Sometimes the greatest things to be acknowledged for are not work-related. I was therefore very excited to be featured in the Escape Adulthood blog. Escape Adulthood is a company whose mission is to â€Å"annihilate Adultitis†! As much as I am behind the mission of my own company, I’m thrilled to be part of this grand vision to bring lightness and childlike enthusiasm to the lives of as many people as possible! I hope you enjoy seeing this other side of The Essay Expert. Hint: I talk a lot about being upside down.

Management Essays by

Management Essays by What Is a Management Essay? The notion of management essay can be easily derived from the separate notions of management (i.e. the art of administrating all business activities that allows an organization/individual to achieve set goals within a specified time frame and with limited resources) and essay (a short piece of writing that is elucidates a point or question and may or may not include authors personal viewpoint). So, summing up a management essay can be understood as a piece of writing dedicated to one of the key management elements: planning, organizing, staffing, leading and controlling an organization. Management essays may be of two types: 1. Objective (particularly, when a scholarly investigation is required). 2. Subjective (providing students solution or explaining their understanding of a key issue required). Looking for an essay on management? Here is a good management essay example: Difference  between  Leadership and Management Management Paper Structure A management essay takes a structure that is generally prescribed to 5 paragraph essays: it must begin with an introductory sentence where a problem is introduced to the reader; then two or three body paragraphs should follow elaborating on the original question. The essay should be closed with a conclusion that echoes the introduction and sums up the body paragraphs. More information on essay structure: How to Write a Well-Structured Essay has a long history of completing essays on management for our customers. From day one has started receiving management related orders from its customers. This has led us to hire more management writers from various backgrounds and levels of expertise. Order your management essay from our professional writers.

Where to Buy German Books Online

Where to Buy German Books Online Even though large bookstores have for the most part shut down in America there are still many independent bookstores. Many of them cater to specific genres or types of books. If learning languages and foreign translations are your things then these bookstores are a must see. The following is a listing of German bookstores and distributors both online and via telephone in the United States an Canada. Die Bà ¼cherstube If youre  looking for imported German books and music, Die Bà ¼cherstube website is for you. This family business has been running online since 1996. Dont let the antiquated look of the site fool you, theyve got what you need. P.O. Box 700Pelion, SC 29123Tel: 1-888-BUECHER (283-2437)Toll-free in US/CanadaFax: (803) 894-5307Email: infobuecherstube.com Continental Book Company If you need language and common core books the Continental Book Company online store is perfect for you. Its website is also a little old school but its easy to navigate and find what you need. It provides books in nearly a dozen languages.   625 E. 70th Ave., #5Denver, CO 80229Tel: (303) 289-1761Fax: (303) 289-1764 European Book Company, Inc If youre hoping for a more tailored experience check out European Book Companys website. If you cant find what youre looking for in their extensive digital stack just send them an email. Anything they cant find in-house theyre usually happy to special order.   925 Larkin StreetSan Francisco, CA 94109Tel: (415) 474-0626Fax: (415) 474-0630Email: infoeuropeanbook.com Galda Leuchter International Booksellers This library service is actually part of a German publisher which specializes in academic texts. If youre a college student needing older German texts the Galda Leuchter International Booksellers store will suit your needs.   Galda Library Services Inc.33 Richdale AvenueCambridge, MA 02140Tel.: (617) 864-8232Fax: (617) 497-0937Email: glsbookworld.std.com Abe German Book Center   If youre really looking to cut out large corporate sites then you have to check out Abe German Book Center. The website links together thousands of independent bookstores, allowing you to access all their catalogs from one site.   German Book Center N.A. Inc.1317 County Road 56Mountaindale, NY 12763Email: germanbookmsn.com GLP German Language Publications, Inc. If youre really looking to immerse yourself in the German language, you should try reading the German editions of your favorite magazines.  GLP German Language Publications, Inc. offers subscriptions of popular German newspapers and magazines.   153 South Dean St.Englewood Cliffs, NJ 07631Tel.: (201) 871-1010Fax: (201) 871-0870Email: 75557.105compuserve.com IBIS - International Book Import Service, Inc. Located in an old Jack Daniels Distillery, this family business has been serving individuals and universities since 1989. Let International Book Import Service fulfill all your German language book needs.   161 Main StreetP.O. Box 8188Lynchburg, TN 37352-8188Tel: (800) 277-4247Fax: (931) 759-7555Email: IBISIBIService.com New Mastodon If youre looking for German books, DVDs, CDs and fine prints you need to visit New Mastodons site. This family-run business also offers media in Spanish and Italian.   5820 Wilshire Blvd. #101Los Angeles, CA 90036Tel: (323) 525 1948Fax: (323) 525 0266Email: newmastodonearthlink.net Schoenhofs Foreign Books Inc. Founded in 1856 this store offers one of the largest selections of foreign language books in North America. If you love to visit brick and mortar stores Schoenhofs Foreign Books Inc. is worth the visit.   76a Mount Auburn StreetCambridge, MA 02138Tel. (617) 547-8855Fax: (617) 547-8551Email: infoschoenhofs.com Book Stage   Book Stage  offers new as well as rare and out of print books. Its a great place to find antique titles.   126 Waterloo St. S.Stratford, ON N5A 4B4Tel.: 1 519 2720937Fax: 1 519 2720927Email: bookstagebellnet.ca

The Influence of Intellectual Capital on the Types of Innovative Research Paper

The Influence of Intellectual Capital on the Types of Innovative Capabilities - Research Paper Example Such a project will provide insights to organizations on how different knowledge management strategies create opportunities for organizations to achieve innovations through the use of intellectual capital (Boer and During, 2001, p. 102). Particular emphasis will be on how strategies on human resource management influence a firm’s level of innovation.   Innovation refers to changes in organizational processes or existing products aimed at creating a competitive advantage in the market. Basically, it involves the identification of opportunities and utilizing them with the intention of creating new products, services or work processes (Daft and Weick, 2004, p. 450). Research studies indicate that organizations with higher innovative capabilities have higher chances of succeeding in response to changes in their business environment. There are different forms of innovation but the most common forms include organizational innovation, process innovation and product innovation (Subr amaniam and Youndt, 2005, p. 460). Organizational innovation refers to the development of new structures and management practices. Product innovation relates to the development of new products whereas process innovation involves the development of new technologies used in the production process. The various forms of innovations have different definitions but they all have a common theme. Their common theme is that of the use of knowledge to create competitive advantages by meeting the needs of customers. The fact that innovation involves the identification and utilization of opportunities, it means that there is a continuous process of pursuing new and unique knowledge (Subramaniam and Youndt, 2005, p. 455). Literature materials on the topic of innovation emphasize that knowledge is the most important element that can ensure the success of organizations pin developing new products, technologies, and processes. The main source of innovation is attributed to be the unique knowledge po ssessed by human capital (Daft and Weick, 2004, p. 244). Human capital is also recognized as the main driver of change within the business environment. In the study of the process of innovation, numerous research studies indicate that there is a close link between the management of knowledge and people and innovation. According to Boer and During (2001, p. 122), there exist a lot of research studies that focus on the contribution of organizational knowledge on various forms of innovation. However, most of the research studies only focus on the outcomes of generic innovations such as technology patents and sales revenues from new products. Such studies tend to ignore on studying how knowledge management is connected to innovation. A number of researchers address the topic of innovation in radical and incremental terms. This, therefore, implies that there need to be further research studies on incremental and radical innovations (Subramaniam and Youndt, 2005, p. 453). This is to ensur e there are adequate literature materials on the differences that exist between radical and incremental innovations.

EARLY VERSUS LATE CLAMPING OF THE UMBILICAL CORD Essay

EARLY VERSUS LATE CLAMPING OF THE UMBILICAL CORD - Essay Example Internationally, roughly a quarter of children below the age of four have iron deficiency anaemia, the severest type of iron deficiency (McDonald & Middleton, 2009). In Europe alone, the occurrence of this iron deficiency is between 3 to 7% among children below the age of four, and the occurrence of iron deficiency has been found to be as high as 26% (Grajeda et al., 2013). Some researchers argue that late cord clamping might have poor neonatal implications with enhanced risk of polycythaemia, respiratory symptoms, need of phototherapy and hyperbilirubinaemia (Emhamed et al., 2012). However, the main findings of this paper are that delaying of the umbilical cord clamping in full-term neonates for at least 2 minutes following birth is useful to the infant, extending into infancy. Even though, there was a raise in polycythemia among babies in whom cord clamping was belated, this condition seemed to be benign. Another main finding of this paper is that the iron amount in the blood in th e cord is large, which the baby requires for optimal fitness and for the hindrance of anaemia. Prior to the mid 50s, the phrase â€Å"early clamping† was defined as the clamping of umbilical cord in a minute just after birth, and â€Å"late clamping,† on the other hand, as clamping the of the umbilical cord over 5 minutes following the baby’s birth (Grajeda et al., 2013). In a number of researches of blood quantity changes following a baby’s birth carried out by researchers in nations like the U.S., the United Kingdom, as well as Canada, it was found out that in healthy term babies, over 90% of blood volume was attained in the first few breaths the baby took following birth (Mathew, 2011). Due to these findings and the lack of specific recommendations regarding the best timing, the period between birth and clamping of the umbilical cord started to be reduced. In a majority of cases, clamping of the umbilical cord is carried out between 15 to 20 seconds following the birth

Organizational Psychology Leadership Term Paper

Organizational Psychology Leadership - Term Paper Example It is proved that leadership is a key indicator of organizational psychology, reflecting the psychological and social trends developed within each particular organization. At the same time it is made clear that the approaches used by researchers when having to explore the particular subject may be differentiated, a fact that cannot influence the value of organizational psychology as a factor influencing all aspects of organizational life, including leadership. Also, after examining the content and structure of the three studies, the following assumption has been developed: all of them have addressed their aims; however, the study of Strauss, Griffin and Rafferty (2009) seems to be more appropriately structured and justified responding fully to the requirements of academic research. Aims In the study of Vigoda-Gadot (2007), aims are clearly stated: reference is made to the effort of the researchers to identify ‘politics can be a mediator between the leadership styles and the for mal and informal aspects of employee performance (Vigoda-Gadot 2007, p.661). Rowold & Schlotz (2009) also clearly state – in the introductory section - the aim of their study: to prove that leadership style can lead to the employees’ chronic stress. In the third study also, no problem seems to exist regarding the presentation of the study’s aims; Strauss, Griffin and Rafferty (2009) make clear that their study focuses on the identification of the relationship between leadership and employees’ proactivity. However, the specific study seems to have an advantage – regarding the presentation of its aims – compared to the previous two studies; analytical explanations are providing regarding the decision of the authors to choose the particular subject and the gaps in the literature that the study is expected to cover. Structure The structure of the study of Vigoda-Gadot (2007) can be characterized as quite satisfactory, focusing on the analysis of the issues under discussion; moreover, the literature related to the issue under discussion is analytically presented – headings and sub-headings have been employed for increasing the quality of the flow of the text and ensuring that all parts of the text are distinctive, a fact that can be considered as an advantage of the particular paper. From a similar point of view, in the studies of Strauss, Griffin & Rafferty, A. (2009) and Rowold & Schlotz (2009), no problem seems to exist regarding their structure; sub-headings have been used to indicate the parts of the paper and the order/ reasoning of methodology involved. Between the specific two studies also, an advantage seems to exist for that of Strauss, Griffin & Rafferty (2009). Comparing the three studies, it could be noted that the Vigoda-Gadot (2007) offers more analytical explanations on leadership and its role within organization; moreover, the issues discussed are fully and adequately justified using appropriate theo ries and empirical evidence. Theories In terms of the literature used in the three studies under

Financial Management of eBay Company Assignment

Financial Management of eBay Company - Assignment Example One of the company's strategic business units is Ebay Marketplace-actually the core among its businesses. eBay aims to increase the volume of transactions that are conducted by users as part of its operational objective. By increasing the per-transaction value, as well as its volume, eBay aims to increase its overall objective of increasing operating profit margin. Ebay's human resource policy includes creating a good and friendly environment for its company, where employees will always have an environment which will be human at all times. This includes activities that aim to provide services for employees' convenience including a gym, restaurant, coffee shop and relaxation rooms, as well as family events for special holidays and occasions. Apart from ordinary employees, managers in Ebay are given bonuses and economic benefits as part of their remuneration, as regards the company's human resource policies. By including bonuses and other economic benefits to people who hold top positions in the company, the company aims to improve accountability and lessen the agency costs-with top managers as the agency to the shareholders. Consider the extent to which these objectives are in conflict with each other.On one hand, the company aims to improve its operating profit margin. On the other hand, costs that are related to increasing...eBay aims to increase the volume of transactions that are conducted by users as part of its operational objective. By increasing the per-transaction value, as well as its volume, eBay aims to increase its overall objective of increasing operating profit margin. Ebay's human resource policy includes creating a good and friendly environment for its company, where employees will always have an environment which will be human at all times. This includes activities that aim to provide services for employees' convenience including a gym, restaurant, coffee shop and relaxation rooms, as well as family events for special holidays and occasions.  

Ford Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Ford - Case Study Example ullaly, the CEO, implemented included; employee reduction and other cost of production reduction techniques, shrinking its production through asset divestitures, as well as noticeable strategic maneuvers all deemed at avoiding government bails and loans. Most importantly, Mullaly focused on building a higher customer base by converging nameplates. As a matter of fact, fords management saw product diversification as a barrier to success as it dilutes core brand names. Therefore, Mullaly enlarged on some brands whose c valuation by customers outdid the rest, such as the Taurus model. Noteworthy, the success of ford is more leaned on customer base expansion, through brand improvement than in any other strategy. For instance, having capture that demand for small cars was increasing, ford responded by majoring on small cars despite their low average returns. Veritably, fords prosperity would have been more if they had focused on marketing and promoting their nameplates but altering the branding a little bit to capture the whole market, placing small car market in their forefront. The marketing plan below is an alternative solution. Lamb et al (2014) asserts that marketing plan should include a mission statement that is not only effectively stating the company’s objectives n but also exclude marketing myopia. Therefore, the mission statement needs be based on customer satisfaction based on a SWOT analysis of the firm and industry at large. A high market share would be obtained by having several luxurious small cars but insist on lowering fuel consumption. In addition to brand reduction, Ford should have realized that the recession was worse in US than in other economies. Therefore, emphasize more developing the global market. A good target should be developing economies where vehicle market is characterized by middle class. With invention of small cars, the middle class can easily be captured by reduced fuel consumption. Technological advancement of fuel

E-participation model Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

E-participation model - Dissertation Example Since attitude can significantly affect their behavioral intention to use e-partipation, several studies purposely has decided to adopt the use of TAM as a way to explore and examine the end-users’ attitude on e-participation (Sahari et al., 2012; Wang and Lo, 2012; Hung, Chang and Yu, 2006). To identify factors that could affect people’s intention to use the e-government system in Malaysia, Sahari et al. (2012) conducted a cross sectional study. According to Sahari et al. (2012), factors that can affect the citizen’s use of e-government system include not only the perceived ease of use but also other factors like â€Å"perceived usefulness†, â€Å"social influence†, â€Å"attitude†, â€Å"trust†, â€Å"intention to use behaviour†, â€Å"ICT infrastructure†, and the â€Å"personal background† of each person (i.e. age, race, educational attainment, skills in using ICTs, and service group). Based on the research find ings, factors like â€Å"perceived ease of use†, â€Å"perceived usefulness†, and â€Å"social influence† has a strong impact on â€Å"users’ attitude† and that factors like â€Å"attitude† and â€Å"trust† strongly influence the â€Å"users’ behavioural intention† to use the e-government system (Sahari et al., 2012, p. 329). ... 100 – 101). With regards to attitude behaviour, Hung, Chang and Yu (2006) conducted a primary research study which aims to examine the impact of dependent variables such as â€Å"perceived usefullness†, â€Å"perceived ease of use†, â€Å"perceived risk†, â€Å"trust†, â€Å"personal innovativeness†, and â€Å"compatibility† on attitude and the impact of attitude on the general public’s intention to use e-government services. Based on the research findings, perceived usefullness, perceived ease of use, trust, personal innovativeness, and compatibility has a strong positive impact on attitude and that attitude has a positive impact on intention to use e-government services (Hung, Chang and Yu, 2006). Using on environmental factors such as â€Å"subjective norms† and â€Å"perceived behavioral control† as well as the citizens’ attitude towards the use of internet and mobile technology in e-democracy, Nchise (2 012) purposely investigated the citizens’ decision on technology adoption. After examining e-democracy in the concept of â€Å"planned behavioral theory†, Nchise (2012) found out that â€Å"environmental subjective norm positively influences the citizens’ attitude to adopt e-democracy†; â€Å"citizens’ perceived behavioral control over e-democracy positively influences their attitude to adopt e-democracy†; and that the â€Å"citizens’ attitude toward e-democracy positively influences their intention to adopt e-democracy†. Wang and Lo (2012) also conducted a research survey study which aims to examine factors that will somehow influence the citizens’ intention to use e-government websites. Based on the research findings, Wang and Lo (2012) found out that factor such as â€Å"perceived usefulness† and â€Å"perceived ease of use† has a strong impact

Ford Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Ford - Case Study Example ullaly, the CEO, implemented included; employee reduction and other cost of production reduction techniques, shrinking its production through asset divestitures, as well as noticeable strategic maneuvers all deemed at avoiding government bails and loans. Most importantly, Mullaly focused on building a higher customer base by converging nameplates. As a matter of fact, fords management saw product diversification as a barrier to success as it dilutes core brand names. Therefore, Mullaly enlarged on some brands whose c valuation by customers outdid the rest, such as the Taurus model. Noteworthy, the success of ford is more leaned on customer base expansion, through brand improvement than in any other strategy. For instance, having capture that demand for small cars was increasing, ford responded by majoring on small cars despite their low average returns. Veritably, fords prosperity would have been more if they had focused on marketing and promoting their nameplates but altering the branding a little bit to capture the whole market, placing small car market in their forefront. The marketing plan below is an alternative solution. Lamb et al (2014) asserts that marketing plan should include a mission statement that is not only effectively stating the company’s objectives n but also exclude marketing myopia. Therefore, the mission statement needs be based on customer satisfaction based on a SWOT analysis of the firm and industry at large. A high market share would be obtained by having several luxurious small cars but insist on lowering fuel consumption. In addition to brand reduction, Ford should have realized that the recession was worse in US than in other economies. Therefore, emphasize more developing the global market. A good target should be developing economies where vehicle market is characterized by middle class. With invention of small cars, the middle class can easily be captured by reduced fuel consumption. Technological advancement of fuel

Self-leadership analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Self-leadership analysis - Essay Example Based on the self-assessment of self-confidence, I am currently at position 6.4. What this means in essence for me as a leader is that, I have a have a strong sense of self-efficacy or self-confidence. This means that I belief that I have the ability to succeed when I am confronted with achievement situations in general. For that reason, therefore, I believe in my ability to successfully influence an outcome when I am presented with an opportunity (Mowday, 1979). To improve my self-confidence score, I can take the following two steps. Firstly, I can contact experts on self-confidence building/development for an expert advice on what I need to do to improve my self-confidence score, and secondly, I can make an effort to trust myself and my abilities more, so that I may have a more positive attitude towards my abilities. Based on the self-assessments, the following is the description of where I am currently in regard to skills, traits, and styles. In regard to skills, I scored 25 in technical skills, 24 in human skills, and 26 in conceptual skills. This means that my main leadership strengths in regard to skills lies in conceptual and technical skills, while my weaknesses in skills lies in human skills. To improve my score on human skills, I need to study and do more practice so as to be more competent in human skills. In regard to traits assessments, there was a total difference of -1.5 between my rating and the ratings that the other five gave me in regard to traits. This means that there is a minor incongruence between my rating on leadership traits and the rating that the other people gave me. In regard to my scoring in leadership style, I scored the following. In task score, I scored 46, while in relationship score I scored 45. This generally means that, as a leader, I am good at my leadership tasks and I relate well with my juniors in leadership. To improve my scores in leadership style,

Financial Analysis of Ryanair and British Airways

Financial Analysis of Ryanair and British Airways Financial analysis The purpose of financial analysis is to determine the financial health of a business. Generally, this analysis is performed by the professionals who prepare reports using the ratios taken from various financial reports. The financial ratios calculated are also helpful to compare with different business. The following analysis studies the four major financial positions of BA and Ryan air; Profitability, Efficiency, Liquidity and Financial gearing. Profitability: It is the primary goal for any business, without this the business cannot be projected in long run. The purpose of measuring profitability is the key contribution for success of business. The ratios which are used to evaluate profitability are listed below: Return on ordinary shareholders funds (ROSF) Return on capital employed (ROCE) Net profit margin Gross profit margin. ROSF: It compares the amount of profit for the period available to the owner’s average stake in the business during that same period. The ratio is expressed below: ROSF = (Net profit after taxation and preference dividend (if any) / ordinary share capital +reserves) Ãâ€" 100 The Ratios calculated for BA Ryan air are shown below: From the above table, it is clearly seen that BA values are inconsistent but whereas Ryan air tends to show improvement every year which gives more profits to the shareholders. From the definition we can say that the high ROSF %, the more profit available to shareholders. The year 2011 considered to be good for both airlines BA and Ryan air, since they are making huge profits and improved revenues compared to their previous year performance. As a result, their ROSF had risen to 26% 11.34% which resulting high profits to the shareholders. This scenario has changed completely when it comes to 2012 for BA. If their investors left their money in bank, they could have got some positive returns. But instead BA returned (3.6%) to their investors. Though its revenue is increased by 8% and operational cost by 11% it continued to show appreciable operating results. However, due to exceptional costs items like expense related to pensions, BMI’s acquisition affected the BA economy. On the other hand, Ryan air returned 16.11% which is higher than previous year to the shareholders. This is because Ryan air revenue increased by 25% and profit by 50% approximately compared to 2011. (According to annual report 2012).Though its operating costs are increased due to (fuel price rise) it managed to balance that by increasing passengers fares of about 15%. In 2013, BA has raised from loss of (3.6) % to 10.78%. This is because of company attains the profit from exceptional items ( £57m) and IAG part of BA contributed  £ (265m) and also revenue rose by 5.5%. Though inconsistent in fuel prices affects their operational costs which is almost 0.3% of their total operational costs. But BA managed to stabilise it by non-fuel costs which has risen in 2012. Whereas Ryan air revenue increased by 13% which is less compared to 2012 change. Since it’s a low cost carrier it should maintain passenger fare as low as possible in order to compete with its rivals but, inconsistency in fuel prices had raised their operational costs by 45% and passenger fare by 6%. At the end company operated in profits and returned 17.35% to the shareholders. Based on ROSF results, we can say that Ryan air has performed well continuously in three consecutive year’s period by giving profits to its shareholders but BA shown some ups and downs in its results. Further ratios will give us more idea why the difference has been evolved in their performance. ROCE (Return on capital employed): It is a fundamental measure of business performance. ROCE is defined as the ratio of net operating profit to the capital employed. Capital employed is the difference b/w total assets and current liabilities. The ratio is expressed below: ROCE = (NET PROFIT BEFORE TAX / CAPITAL EMPLOYED) Ãâ€" 100 The ratios calculated for BA and Ryan air is shown below: The above table describes the ROCE of a company for a period 2011-2013. From the definition we can state that higher the value of ROSE is indicating that the company c generates more earnings per dollar of capital employed. It enables us to analyse and compare BA and Ryan air without the impact of tax. It also considered the long-term debt as a part of capital, which is not the case of ROSF.Thus; this ratio reveals how BA and Ryan air economized on its overall capital. In 2011, BA performed well by giving a positive result due to increased revenue in 2011 from premium travel passengers. But the performance is shrined in 2012 due to rise in operational costs and loss of  £ 41m on exceptional items and also  £66m due to partnership with IAG. Due to this it had shown negative result in 2012. But in 2013, it again rises to 4.11% from (1.86%) because of the factors explained in ROSF. Ryan air has shown continuous improvement for three years. In 2011 its profit increased by 26% and carefully balancing the fuel costs and operating costs. For the other two years also it continuous to shown good result even though operating cost rise to 45%. Thus, we can say from ROCE ratios Ryan air performed much better than BA. The gross-profit margin is studied below to measure the profitability. GROSS PROFIT MARGIN: It is a key financial factor that asses the profitability of a company core activities excluding fixed cost. Gross profit represents the difference b/w sales revenue and the cost of sales. The ratio is represented by gross profit to the sales revenue generated for the same period. It is a given by the formula shown below: Gross profit margin = (gross profit/sales revenue) Ãâ€" 100 Gross profit margin ratios of BA and Ryan air is shown below: It can be seen from above table that Ryan air performed well compared to BA. Though the values over three years slightly fluctuate but they were generating good profitability by improving their sales and proper balancing and control of fuel costs which has almost rise to 38% in 2013. Similarly airport charges and other operational costs were stabilised to make airline in profitable condition. On other hand, BA also performed well except for the year 2012.in which its fuel costs rise by 14 %, maintenance by 15% and operating lease costs by 34%. Due to this they showed lower values. But by gaining proper control over the above costs mentioned they started to improve their profitability by 2013. Now net profit margin is studied in order to see whether the airline is able to improve its profitability. NET PROFIT MARGIN: It is the defined as the ratio b/w net profit before tax to the sales revenue. It also measures how much each of dollar earned by the company is translated into profits. If the value is low it indicates low margin of safety and higher risk that the sales decline will erase profits and lead to net loss. It is given by the formula as shown below: Net profit margin = (profit before tax / sales revenue) Ãâ€" 100 Net profit margin ratios for BA and Ryan air shown below: The above table depicts us Ryan air is operating much better than BA. From annual reports it is known that BA invested much money for long-term asset. Hence, their net profit margins are quite low in these three years. In 2011, it invested in IAG, bought BMI at  £172.5m in 2012 and from 2011 it’s investing  £5 billion every year for new fleet and up gradation of fleet and other.in 2011 it opened T5 which will be home to A380 fleet from 2013. On the other hand, Ryan air net profit margins are high since its investments for long term assets are low compared to BA. Ryan air continuously invest to buy new a/c’s hence it’s the reason that it has youngest fleet of planes in the world. In 2013 it decided to buy 175 new Boeing 737-800 a/c which will be a long term asset for the Ryan air to transport more no. of passengers. In conclusion to the analysis of BA and Ryan air, profitability is measured by using various ratios. The results are fluctuated for BA whereas Ryan air tends to show improvement year by year from 2011-13. Both BA and Ryan air increased their revenues, gained some control over operational costs along the analysis and deliver positive returns except for the year 2012 for BA. EFFICIENCY: The efficiency ratios measure the efficiency in which various resources are managed and used in the business. The following ratios are used to evaluate the efficiency of the business: Average settlement period for receivables Average settlement period for payables Sales revenue to capital employed Sales revenue per employee Average settlement period for Receivables: A business will usually be concerned with how long it takes for customers to pay the amounts owing. The efficient and timely collection of customer debts is a vital part of cash flow management. So this is the ratio which is very closely watched in many businesses. It is given by the formula as shown below: Avg.settlement period for receivables = (Trade receivables/sales revenue) Ãâ€"365. The ratios calculated for BA and Ryan air shown below table: The values in above table depict the average number of days used to collect its revenue from debtors. Both BA and Ryan air has got appreciable shorter period to collect their revenue. In the analysis period from 2011- 13, BA managed to get back his revenue from receivables by an average of 17 days with slightly increased in 2013 compared to 2011. When it comes to Ryan air it has got very shorter period of an average of 5 days. From the table it is clearly seen that debtor days have fallen which means business is converting credit sales into cash much quicker than BA. This shorter period certainly asset for Ryan air liquidity. Average settlement period for payables: The average settlement period for payables measures how long, on average, the business takes to pay its trade payables. The ratio is calculated by a formula shown below: Average settlement period for payables = (trade payables/credit purchases) Ãâ€"365 The ratios calculated for creditors as shown below: Sales revenue to capital employed: This ratio examines how effectively the assets of the business are being used to generate sales revenue. Greater the value represents higher productivity. The ratio is calculated by a formula shown below: Sales revenue to capital employed= (sales revenue/ (total assets-current liabilities)) The ratios are calculated for BA and Ryan air as shown below: From the table it is clearly seen that both BA and Ryan air have utilised their assets properly to improve their productivity and hence it is the reason their values of productivity rising over past three years. The values of Ryan air is small compared to BA because Ryan air revenue is almost half of BA’s total revenue. At last despite of their company size both are making use of their assets properly. Sales revenue per employee: It is the ratio relates sale revenue generated to a particular business resource, which is labour. Higher the value indicates greater staff efficiency. Its ratio is calculated by a formula shown below: Sales revenue per employee = (sales revenue / number of employees) The ratio calculated for BA and Ryan air shown below: The above tables describes about sales revenue per employee. Both companies uses different currency so for better analysis BA revenue is converted to euros according to exchange rate in that periods. The values clearly states that Ryan air is more labour productive than BA and other fact is noticed from table is that two companies increasing their efficiency over the analysis period 2011-2013. LIQUIDITY: These ratios are concerned with the ability of the business to meet its short-term financial obligations. Higher the ratio, the more liquid the business is considered to be, since liquidity is vital to the survival of a business. Liquidity is measured by the following ratios shown below: Current ratio; Acid test ratio. Current ratio: It is defined as the ratio b/w liquid assets to the current liabilities. A higher current ratio is preferable to a normal one since liquidity is vital part in business. It is given by the formula as shown: Current Ratio = (current assets/ current liabilities) The current ratio values for BA and Ryan air shown below: Values in above table clearly depict that BA current ratio values over three years On the other hand, Ryan air maintained its current ratio values >1 throughout analysis period in which it properly balanced short-term assets over liabilities and has got more liquidity compared to BA. In 2013 Ryan air current ratio value is decreased compared to 2012 because it has decided to buy 175 new Boeing 737 planes over next five years. Overall, Ryan air liquidity is better than BA. Acid-test ratio: This is an indicator that determines whether a company has enough short-term assets to cover immediate liabilities without selling inventory. This ratio is more reliable compared to current ratio because it doesn’t include inventory. This is given by a formula as shown below: Acid-test ratio=current assets / current liabilities. (Excludes inventories in current assets) The values for BA and Ryan are shown below: From the table it is seen that BA values during analysis period is 1.so, this ratio indicates that company experiencing good growth, fastly converting receivables into cash and also it can also overcome its financial obligations without depending on inventories. In conclusion to the analysis of BA and Ryan air, liquidity is measured by using various ratios. The results are fluctuated for BA whereas Ryan air tends to show improvement year by year from 2011-13. Ryan air has got more liquidity compared to BA and it can easily overcome its financial obligations. 3.4 Financial Gearing: It is the relationship b/w the contribution to financing made by the owners of the business and the amount contributed by others in form of loans. A business level of gearing is an important factor accessing risk. Gearing takes place of owner’s insufficient funds. Any business borrowing money from others agrees to pay interests; if the borrowing is heavy then this can be significant financial burden to the company. The ratios used to measure gearing are shown below: Gearing ratio; Interest cover ratio. Gearing ratio: It is defined as ratio b/w long-term lenders to the long-term capital structure of a business. It is given by a formula as shown: Gearing ratio = (non-current liabilities/capital employed) The gearing ratios for BA and Ryan air calculated below: The values from table states that both companies are highly geared businesses since their gearing ratios > 50%. Both the companies have high shares of long-term debt in their long-term capital structure. So both companies are subjected to financial risk. Ryan air tends to decrease its debts during analysed period which can be seen from the table by controlling their operational costs effectively during analysed period. Whereas, BA managed to decrease their debts with some fluctuations in values which can be observed from the years 2011-2013.so, a cash flow which is strong and reliable can handle high gearing effectively compared to cash flow which is unreliable .

the big accident :: essays research papers

One nice day in the summer my friends, Yvette, Katie, and Kristi, and I were heading up to the Lil Jon & The Eastside Boys concert. Everything was going fine. We made it up there with no problem, found the Excel Center. When we were parked we decided that we wanted to park closer, so I backed out and all of a sudden we heard a bang and my car wouldn’t start. We started freaking out, because we stuck up against this car I hit. We then asked some guys to help push it into a parking spot, when it was in neutral. Fifteen minutes later the guy came and saw his car and I went over and admitted to him what happened. So he called the cops and they came over and figured everything out. That night my parents found out what had happened and had to pay for it. After that accident happened I wasn’t able to buy a sound system for my car, I had to work more, and I couldn’t see my friends as much. These are big changes in my life that I didn’t think would happen at that time.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I was not able to buy a sound system for my car, because I had to pay my parents back. I had over a thousand dollars in my account saved for a system and with it I was planning on buying an amp, subwoofers, and maybe speakers and a deck. Even though my car came with a subwoofer, Infinity speakers, and a cad player, I still wanted something bigger and better. I was sad that I had to give my money to my parents to help pay for the damage, because I didn’t expect to save up that much money to pay for an accident. I am now going to have to wait to save that money up again and buy them later.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Now that I had to pay back my parents and still pay for my car I had to start working more. I already had an extremely busy schedule with dance, Youth in Government, and I was just going to start gymnastics. Having dance three days a week, meetings for Youth in Government every once in a while, and gymnastics made four days I couldn’t work in a week. Then having to put enough work in my rigorous schedule to pay back my parents would leave just enough time to do my homework.

Prejudice and Racism †All We Need is Love, All We Got is Hate :: Sociology Racism Prejudice Essays

As the snow covered the house that my grandma occupies, I looked out the window to the neighbor's front door, their mailbox, and the circular driveway they had. It was just another home, where kids could build a snowman or throw snowballs on the front lawn. But there where no children or snowmen here. And beneath the snow, the word "N-I-G-G-E-R" was written in the grass. A family- a home- where they had bothered no one. One night someone decided to take weed killer and burn it in giant letters into their lawn. This is why our nation, the melting pot of many races, needs to confront the problem and deal with what really is in front of us. When I first really thought about this, I thought, this is not Mississippi, or Alabama; this is Michigan, and it's in my grandma's neighborhood. And the thing is, their a normal family, just like any other. They went on trips in the summer, and spring, and this time came back to a message on the lawn. I sat there that day watching cars go by their house as if it were haunted or something. I guess it can happen anywhere. But this snow-covered house is still a reflection of America, white on top with a hatred burning underneath. I go to a college, where the races meet every day. Colored man helps white man; white man helps colored man. Doesn't sound right ? That's how bad our society has gotten. Disturbing? Of course. But what is more disturbing is, lately when these issues of racism have come up, there seems to be impatience and annoyance. "Does everything have to be racism?" people ask. And they're always complaining that "It's just a little thing." No, it's not. People are always saying that there is little prejudice. But how is that true ? It's like saying you're a little pregnant; can't happen. But this is nothing new. How many times have you heard "He's fast; for a white guy." Or "White men can't jump," Or "All black guys can jump and dance." And in reality these are all hateful things to say. As whites, we are the majority, and don't always realize it. And whenever there's racist complaints, we say "OK, we'll change" with a sigh. It's the white's who go crazy to get black athlete's autographs. They say "We love you!" yet how many would let them date your daughter? Although I say this, I do believe that some progress has been made. But I do think that when you're the majority, you do have to guard against

Hbr – Cash Flow Stattement – Chemalite.

Cash FLows – Part 1 – Exercises Classification of Cash Flows For each event listed below, select the appropriate category which describes the effect of the event on a statement of cash flows: a. Cash provided/used by operating activities. b. Cash provided/used by investing activities. c. Cash provided/used by financing activities. d. Not a cash flow. C/A 1. Payment on long-term debt (company pays INTEREST only) – think about this how this could be both – related to debt because financing and operating because it’s part of operations C 2. Issuance of bonds at a premium A3. Collection of accounts receivable D4.Cash dividends declared – it’s not a cash flow D 5. Issuance of shares to acquire land (â€Å"exchange† of shares for land) – no cash exchanges here B6. Sale of marketable securities (long-term) – A7. Payment of employees' wages C8. Issuance of common shares for cash A/? 9. Payment of income taxes payable †“ could be disposition of property, etc. then this will fall under investing B10. Purchase of equipment B11. Purchase of common shares in another company B12. Sale of real estate held as a long-term investment Transactions Transaction| Journal Entry| Impact on earnings | Impact on cash flows| Cash flow classification| Adjustment? Issue 1,000 shares for $10,000| Dr. cash (BS) 10K Cr. Common shares 10K| No| INFLOW of 10k| Financing| No reconciliation required; item included in CFF| Purchase inventories for $2,000 on account (i. e. not for cash)| Dr. inventory (BS)CR. Accounts payable (BS)| No| No impact| Operating (no CASH FLOW)| Earnings $0CFO $0| Pay off $2,000 for inventories purchased above| Dr. AP (BS) 2kCr. Cash (BS) 2k| No| OUTFLOW of 2k| Operating| Earnings $0â€Å"Adjustment â€Å"Change in non-cash working capital $-2kCFO $-2k| Sell $1,000 worth of inventory for $4,000, on account (i. e. not for cash)| Dr. /r 4000Cr. Revenue 4000Dr. Cost of Goods Sold 1000Cr. Inventory 1 000| Yes| no| Operating (no cash flow)| Earnings $3000AdjustmentChange in non-cash wc $-3000CFO $0| Collect $4,000 relating to sale above| Dr. cash 4kCr. Ar 4k| no| INFLOW of 4k| Operating | Earnings 0AdjustmentChange in non-cash wc 4kCFO 4k | Purchase truck (PPE) for $3,000 cash| Dr. PPE 3kCr. Cash 3K| No| Outflow of 3k| Investing| Included in CFI; no reconciliation needed| Record depreciation of truck for the period ($500)| Dr. Depreciation expense 500Cr. Acc. Dep. (BS) 500| Yes-500| no| Operating| Earnings -500AdjustmentDepreciation +500CFO 0|Introduction to Cash Flow construction The Controller of Schmidt Tooling Corporation has provided you with the following information: Schmidt Tooling Corporation| Income Statement| For the Year Ended December 31, 2010| | | | Net Sales| | 620,000 | Operating expenses| | 410,000 | | | 210,000 | Income from operations| | | Other revenues and expenses| | | Gain on sale of equipment| 30,000 | | Interest expense| 8,000 | 22,000 | Income before inc ome taxes| | 232,000 | Income taxes| | 92,800 | Net income| | 139,200 | Schmidt Tooling Corporation|Comparative Account Information | Relating to Operations| For the Year Ended December 31, 2010| | | | | 2010| 2009| Accounts receivable| 56,000 | 40,000 | Prepaid insurance| 5,000 | 6,000 | Accounts payable| 59,000 | 47,000 | Interest payable| 600 | 1,500 | Income taxes payable| 4,200 | 6,000 | Unearned revenue| 20,000 | 14,000 | Instructions: Prepare a statement of cash flows (for the company’s operating activities only) for the year ended December 31, 2010 using the indirect format.

Two Successful Business People Who Inspire Me

Two Successful Business People Who Inspire Me Success is something that we all aspire to. We cannot feel genuinely happy for long if we felt like a failure within. The most encouraging reality about success is that it is attainable to all irrespective of who we are what we are or where we are. Success also has a different meaning for each one of us. Success being a personal realization should logically be achievable by all, but we know that this is not really so. Most of us are unable to accomplish what we really want to do or what we really work for.When we struggle for success and do not achieve it. We become frustrated and this leads us further from our goal. This is what has inspired me to study and write about this complex subject. Achieving success is right and can realize it with the ease it provides you to go about the right way, you just have to know the rules and apply them in your life. Bill Gates was born on Oct 28th, 1955 and he is an American business magnate, philanthr opist and chairman of Microsoft. The software company he founded with Paul Allen. He is consistently ranked among the world’s wealthiest people.During his career at Microsoft. Gates held the position of CEO and chief software architect and remains the largest individual shareholder. He has also authored or co- authored several books. Gates is one of the best- know entrepreneurs of the personal computer revolution. In the later stages of his career. Gates has pursued a number of philanthropic endeavors, donating large amounts of money to various charitable organizations and scientific research programs through the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation in 2000. At Harvard, he met Paul Allen, who became Gates’ close friend.They got obsessed with the computers that they were late for some of their classes. They even skipper some classes to be in the computer lab. Unfortunately, their computer time finishes after spring. However, they did not graduate in the Harvard. Allen and Gates had to leave to devote their energy full-time and thriving company. They had a belief that the personal computer would be a valuable tool on every office desktop in every home. Gates and Allen began developing software for personal computers. They collaborated together to make the language BASIC in the first Microcomputer, and in 1975, they started the Microsoft Company.Warren Buffet is the world’s most successful investor and self-made billionaire. He is consistently ranked among the world’s Top 3 wealthiest people. Buffet runs and owns about 31% of Berkshire Hathway, a 136 billion investment company that has substantial stakes in Coca Cola, Wells Fargo and American Express. A 1 dollar investment in Berkshire in 1965 would bring about 5000 dollars in 2005. Since 1951, Buffet has generated an average annual return of about 31%. The average annual return of the Standard Poor’s 500 stock over that period is 11%.Warren Buffet was once asked what is the most i mportant thing he looks for when evaluating a company to invest in, without hesitation he replied â€Å"sustainable competitive advantage. † Indeed, while business valuation matters. â€Å"it is the future growth and prosperity of the company underlying a stock, not it is a current price, that is most important. A company’s prosperity in turn is driven by how powerful and enduring it is competitive advantage are. Sustainable competitive advantage and marked category leadership give a company the edge that keeps competitors at bay and reap extraordinary growth and profits.Warren Buffet seeks to identify rare companies with strong competitive advantage that has a potential to grow even stronger over time, when a company is able to achieve this, it is investors can be rewarded to decades. Obviously, we can draw the conclusion that both of buffet and Gates influence to me is far from my imagination. Beside stocks, ideas, and investment, I learn many aspects from them, the ir team spirit and their friendship with partner. I hope there will be more and more people like them, who are not only successful, but also influencing other people.

Illegal Logging a Major Factor in Flood Devastation of Philippines Essay

Decades of illegal logging, unusually high rainfall and geography have all contributed to the devastation wrought by storms that have lashed the Philippines, the government and environmentalists say. With hundreds dead or missing in floods and landslides in Quezon, Nueva Ecija and Aurora provinces, blame has fallen on illegal loggers who have stripped hillsides bare and turned lush green forests into death traps. Geography has played its part too. The Philippine archipelago of some 7,000 islands sits astride Southeast Asia’s typhoon belt and is usually the first country to be hit by typhoons from the Pacific Ocean. Infanta, one of the hardest-hit areas, is usually the first port of call for an average of 19 typhoons and tropical storms that hit the Philippines every year, said chief government weather forecaster Prisco Nilo. He said the latest storm was the 25th to veer into the Philippines this year, making it an exceptional year. Government hydrologist Richard Orendain said although the residents of Infanta and nearby Real and General Nakar are used to typhoons, what they probably failed to anticipate was the consequences of the amount of rainfall that fell on the region over the past week. Orendain told AFP that in one 24-hour period on Sunday some 144 millimeters (4. 3 fluid ounces) of rain fell over the region. The monthly average for November is 611 millimeters. â€Å"Even though it was not a strong typhoon, the destructive impact was magnified by the amount of rain that fell over the area,† he said. â€Å"We can’t really say whether illegal logging was the main cause, though it may have contributed to it. † Orendain said the ground water table had â€Å"probably reached saturation point† noting that the area was hard hit by another storm just a week earlier. So the water had no where to go,† he said. With many in the government blaming illegal logging for the current disaster, President Gloria Arroyo ordered a nationwide crackdown. â€Å"Illegal logging must now be placed in the order of most serious crimes against our people,† Arroyo said in a statement Wednesday. â€Å"The series of landslides and flashfloods that hit several parts of the country should serve as a wake up call for us to join hands in preserving our environment and stepping up reforestation. â€Å" Senator Richard Gordon has called for an investigation into the disaster. â€Å"For years the the department of environment and natural resources has failed to go after the illegal loggers operating in many parts of the country,† he told reporters Tuesday. Vice President Noli de Castro said the country had still not learned the lessons from landslides and flooding in 1991 on the island of Leyte which left thousands dead. â€Å"Illegal logging was found to be the main contributor to that disaster,† de Castro said. Forest economist Lourdes Catindig, of the government’s natural resources and environment department, told AFP the southern Sierra Madre, which runs through the eastern section of the main island of Luzon, still has some forest cover left. â€Å"We issued a logging moratorium in the area in the 1970s,† she said. In the last decade, the Philippines has suffered severely from natural disasters. In 1990, central Luzon was hit by both a drought and a typhoon that flooded practically all of Manila. Still more damaging was an earthquake in 1990 that devastated a wide area in Luzon, including Baguio and other northern areas. The archipelago also straddles the so-called Pacific rim of fire and is home to some 200 volcanoes of which 17 are still active. In June 1991, the second largest volcanic eruption of the 20th century took place at Mount Pinatubo, just 90 kilometers (55 miles) northwest of Manila. Up to 800 people were killed and 100,000 made homeless following the eruptions.

Teaching of Psychology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Teaching of Psychology - Essay Example To understand the mind and its complications is not simple. But there have been attempts and many successful ones. In fact, the interpretation of the psyche has developed as a formal academic discipline - 'Psychology'. Psychology is an extensive field amd its ambit is an amalgam of research and teaching. Teaching of psychology becomes very significant in the contemporary individualistic and collective notions of this multi-cultural global society. Teaching is a very responsible activity. The teacher's words can make or mar perspectives. Therefore it requires a thorough expertise on the subject matter as well as the ability to put across the subject effectively. In the area of psychology, the teacher generally has to balance between his/her role of a psychologist and a teacher. The 'how of learning' becomes very important in the teaching of psychology. This is because it has to tread the path of commonalities differences, the impact of culture as well as the benefits and challenges that human diversity brings to relationships and communities. Psychology teaching should be a journey of insight, emotions and imagination. It is very important for the teacher to foster the development of independent, critical thought, evaluative skills, depth of learning, to explore ideas and questions. Teaching of psychology is better performed through demonstration.

Women's Rights Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Women's Rights - Assignment Example This trend varies in different societies and most commonly practiced in western countries. I would narrate the story about Mrs. Kate Williams who has three children of ages 5, 13, and 20. She is doing job as a General Manager in sales and marketing at a software house called as SOFTEC. She started job around 18 years ago as a trainee engineer in the same company. Ever since then, she never looked back and kept on climbing the stairs of success in job. The way she managed her responsibilities for her family as well as job sets the example for all women in the world. When Mrs. Kate Williams gave birth to her first child, her family was suffering from financial crisis. Her husband was doing a job as a clerk in a small firm and his income wasn’t enough to meet the expenses of the family. The brave lady started looking for jobs herself while motivating his husband also to switch to some better job. As her first child turned two, she got the job in SOFTEC with reasonable amount of salary. But the real problem with doing job was to manage time for her husband as well as her young kid who needed her love and affection desperately. She couldn’t leave her kid all alone at home while she is at job. So, parents hired a maid for taking care of the baby around the clock. Moreover, mother kept on asking about her baby off and on from the office. She could also see her baby remotely from video chat software that maid could operate easily. The problems don’t end with initial phases only. Mrs. Kate Williams had to spend more time as she grew in experience as more responsibilities were assigned to her. With pregnancy periods for other two children, she had to continue her work at home for three months that included answering calls of customers, and designing software for them from home. She also had to give time to her school going eldest child for training him in school education. Husband also needs the company of her wife as he returns

The Impact and Implications of Corporate Culture Research Paper

The Impact and Implications of Corporate Culture - Research Paper Example This research will begin with the statement that 21st century is recognized as an era of globalization and industrialization. The countries around the world have interconnected with each other through trade. All these have lead to the development of industries, factories, and corporate offices. Chang, Chiou, and Chen suggest that an organization is a common platform where individuals work in accord to earn profit and livelihood. In other words, it is identified as a business identity where a group of people certified to act as a single body manage the whole company with the help of employees and different types of management committees with the sole aim of profit maximization. Every company has its unique style of functioning which often contributes to its culture. A culture of a company is based on the principles, beliefs, ideologies, and values. The culture of an organization determines the behavior of workers in the organization as well as with people outside the company. An emplo yees’ performance can increase or diminish based on the environment of a corporate culture. If an employee is happy and comfortable, then he will be able to contribute his maximum energy to the workings of the company. However, an unsatisfied worker will always incur the loss of the company. The organization must have some guidelines for its workers. So, predefined policies that direct employees are represented by the organizational culture which gives them a proper sense of direction to accomplish their targets. So, a healthy workplace must clear the roles and responsibilities of employees. The manner an individual behaves in his or her workplace determines his or her corporate culture. This culture reflects the aggregated principles, values and beliefs of corporate employees and it also represents the product of different factors such as market, strategy, product, technology, history, kind of employees, national culture and style of the management committee. It is also defi ned as the set of distributed assumptions that guide all the happenings in the corporation by defining suitable behavior for various situations. It is also the sketch of such assumptions and behaviors that are imparted to new workers as a method of perceiving and even, feeling and thinking.

REL133 wk 5 contemporary issues facing the assigned Eastern religious Essay

REL133 wk 5 contemporary issues facing the assigned Eastern religious tradition - Essay Example This means that these movements have something in common with what societies understand as constituting religion. There is what can be considered as mainstream religions like Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism, atheism and so on. The fact that there are some movements that are implicitly regarded as religions in their very nature and characteristics is an indication that all religions share a common characteristic or a number of characteristics which can be sorted out. One such religion that shares many characteristics with other religions is Hinduism and, in this paper, the common characteristics that Hindu religion shares with other religions will be outlined and discussed. Like many other religion’s mythologies, Hindu mythology is rich, multifarious and inclusive. In this case, like many other religions, Hindu mythology is a portrayal of terrible in benevolence, triviality alongside the cosmic and sublimity in grotesque (Vaz, 2001). Many religions are based on these pi llars and are not an ordinary ideation but an ideation of powers that are beyond human understanding. Apart from Christianity and Islam, most religions draw or associate the powers with some form and in many cases, the forms are numerous and hierarchical (Vaz, 2001). Like many religions, Hinduism has many gods and each god has its own association, function, and associated shape or form. Moreover, Hinduism like many other religions such as Islam, Christianity and Jewish religions draws their inspiration and religious knowledge from texts. Christianity draws from a number of texts combined into a bible and Islam has a number of texts combined into a Quran. Hinduism has important texts such as Upanishad, Rig Veda and Bhagvad Gita; usually referred to as the four Vedas or â€Å"books of knowledge† (Beversluis, 2000, p. 52). Religion constitutes a belief in a power and Hinduism, like many religions is a power and not an ordinary ideation. Hinduism acknowledges the presence of four major goals namely material, satisfaction of desire, human position and beyond life. The acknowledgement of an existence beyond life is among all religions and entails a goal of achieving liberation from unending cycles of rebirth in which all living beings are locked. Like Christianity, Hinduism believes in the trinity of god. While Christians acknowledge God the Father, God the Son, and God the Holy Spirit; Hinduism believes in â€Å"Brahama the creator, Vishnu the Preserver and Shiva the destroyer† (Flood & Olivelle, 2003, p.273). Many religions integrate various heterogeneous elements and like them, Hinduism is a complex and a continuous whole with religious, artistic, social and economic aspects. These aspects inhere in the fact that Hinduism, like many other religions, covers the wholeness of life. As a result, Hinduism is not fit explained in terms of a single definition but rather a characteristic. In addition, there are countless rituals that are associated with Hin duism as in other religions. Christianity, Islam and many other religions base their belief and knowledge on various rituals, which are meant to appease their gods and spirits (Vijay, 2001). Hinduism is a religion that is associated with many gods and goddesses. Like many other polytheist religions, these gods are believed to rule the world. The three gods that are

International running and risk management of AVEVA Group plc Essay

International running and risk management of AVEVA Group plc - Essay Example Meanwhile, within the internal and external business environments of multi-national companies of which AVEVA Group plc is one, there are a number of risks that are faced that tend to hamper the normal direction and progression of the business strategies and ideas that the companies put in place. Without a well structured organisational risk management in place, these risks register their presence so hard on the companies that they affect the way and manner in which the companies can compete effectively against their competitors. This paper therefore looks at the issues of international running and risk management of AVEVA Group plc and how well the company places itself in the international business environment. Main markets and competitive situation Currently, AVEVA Group plc has markets in five major continents with Europe being is major market. The continents are North America, Asia, Europe, Africa and South America. Within these market destinations, the company operates an overal l of 46 offices, which are spread in an uneven proportion across 25 countries. Even though there are market operations in five major continents, the company has four major head offices that manage the operations that take place in the 25 various countries. For instance with a head office in Boston, the office takes care of all markets in North America, while the head office in Rio De Janeiro takes care of all markets in Latin America. The head office in Lumpur is responsible for markets in Asia Pacific, while the office in Sulzbach has been placed in charge of all markets in Europe, Middle East and Africa (Wei, 2012). In terms of holistic market performance, AVEVA is yet to maximise its potential in the United States and BRIC countries as it still seeks to improve market share in those countries (Barisik and Tay, 2010). The competitive situation presented to the company is one that is focused on the provision of engineering design, CAD/CAM software, and information management soluti ons that emphasise on specialised technology consulting services for plant, power and marine industries (Wilkin, 2004). Lately, issues such as marine oil exploration have caused an increase in the number of competitors, putting AVEVA in a highly competitive global market. Financial performance Global finance AVEVA Group plc is one of the listed companies on the London Stock Exchange, and constituting the FTSE 250 Index. This puts the company at a highly globalised financial situation as it serves clients globally. As of the end of 2013, the company had revenue of ?220 million from operating income of ?77.5 million. From this, the company made a net income of ?65 million, which is rated as a fairly impressive market performance (McKellar, 2010). The company currently has a total of 1,600 employees who are responsible for the human resource pool of operations within the company. The company has always made strives to withstand global financing challenges and to ensure that it is finan cially viable among its key competitors. In terms of strategy, the company launched a couple of acquisition interventions as major growth and expansion strategy. This has led to a number of major global acquisitions such as the

Report on Robi Introduction Essay Example for Free

Report on Robi Introduction Essay Robi, formerly known as Telekom Malaysia International (Bangladesh), commenced its operation in 1997 under the brand name Robi among the pioneer GSM mobile telecommunications service providers in Bangladesh. Later, on 28th March, 2010 the company started its new journey with the brand name Robi. About our Shareholders: Robi is a Joint Venture company between Axiata Group Berhad (70%) and NTT DOCOMO INC. (30%) Axiata Group Axiata is one of the largest Asian telecommunication companies focused on high growth low penetration emerging markets. The Group, including its subsidiaries and associates, has over 130 million mobile subscribers in Asia and serves the needs of Asia by providing affordable and innovative mobile services covering over 1. 5 billion people across 10 countries. The Group provides employment to over 25,000 people across Asia. NTT Docomo NTT DOCOMO is Japans premier provider of leading-edge mobile voice, data and multimedia services. With more than 56 million customers in Japan, the company is one of the worlds largest mobile communications operators. Building on a solid foundation of research and development, and guided by its customer-first philosophy, the company leverages the power of mobile communications to enable customers to enrich Page 1 of 5 Miscellaneous Policy Robi Axiata Limited HR Policy Manual Proposed By : Chief Human Resources Officer Approved By: Management Council Effective : 01 July 2011 Version : 01 Document ID: RAx/HR/001/11 their lives. DOCOMO is expanding its global reach through offices and subsidiaries in Asia, Europe and North America, as well as strategic alliances with mobile and multimedia service providers in markets worldwide. Our Purpose WE EMPOWER YOU: We are there for you, where you want and in the way you want, in order to help you develop, grow and make the most of your lives through our services. Our Guiding Principles and Code of Conduct Maintaining the highest ethical standards and integrity in our operations is a crucial factor at Robi. Therefore we have introduced our Guiding Principles that we expect our employees to embed in their minds and uphold in discharging their responsibilities. Our Code of Business Ethics safeguards our ethical standards by clearly defining our way of working. With such systems in place we ensure that we do business with a conscience and safeguard our employees from exploitation. We expect our employees to exemplify the guiding principles in their work and regulate their actions by the stipulations in the Code of Conduct. Robi employees hold themselves accountable to a set of Guiding Principles for the organization. Our Guiding Principles are at the core spot of our action†¦ action that will empower us to achieve excellence! No matter what we do, in order to realize our purpose, we hold ourselves accountable to the following overarching guiding Principles for our rganization: Page 2 of 5 Miscellaneous Policy Robi Axiata Limited HR Policy Manual Proposed By : Chief Human Resources Officer Approved By: Management Council Effective : 01 July 2011 Version : 01 Document ID: RAx/HR/001/11 We will be Creative in our way of work We will be Open to ideas and change, We will be Respectful and earn respect We will be Ethical in our endeavors We will take a Simple approach in the way we work With Passion we will perform We will take Ownership of our actions Being Transparent will be our stance Our Code of Conduct sets out the fundamental standards to be followed by us in our everyday actions on behalf of the Company. We must abide the following code of conduct: †¢ Conduct the Company’s business with honesty and integrity and in a professional manner. Build relationships with customers, vendors and fellow employees based on trust and treat every individual with respect and dignity. Become familiar with and comply with the Company policies and procedures. Avoid any activities that could involve or lead to involvement in any unlawful practice or any harm to the Company’s reputation or image. Avoid actual or potential conflicts of interests in all transactions. Provide accurate and reliable information in records submitted; safeguard the Company’s confidential information. Promptly report to the Company any violations of law or Company policies that come to the employee’s attention, and cooperate fully in any audit, enquiry, review or investigation by the Company. . †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Page 3 of 5 Miscellaneous Policy Robi Axiata Limited HR Policy Manual Proposed By : Chief Human Resources Officer Approved By: Management Council Effective : 01 July 2011 Version : 01 Document ID: RAx/HR/001/11 All employees must uphold these standards in the conduct of company business. If a decision is not covered by the Code, seek guidance from the Divisional Heads or Human Resources. Our approach to People The purpose of Robi is â€Å"empowering you† – our customers, our stakeholder, and our employees. It is HR’s vision to handhold the company, be its strategic partner, adding value in each step taken towards making Robi the employer of choice. We engage our employees and inspire them to achieve excellence. To ensure excellence, we devise people policies that are relevant and rigorous. Our policies assure that decisions will be consistent with and contributive to Company objectives. The Policy manual is an important guide for management in decision-making that affects employees terms of employment, working conditions and development prospects. The Manual truly belongs to the company as well as to the employee. Characteristics of this Manual The Manual has the following essential characteristics: †¢ Robi people olicies are consistent with the Company’s other policies such as finance policy, business policy. The policies are reflected with the countrys existing law to ensure fairness. †¢ †¢ †¢ Policies are fair, flexible and realistic. Policies and procedures will be reviewed when there are major changes. People policies are applicable for all permanent employees of the Company. The policies are clearly stated so that employees can clearly understand them. Also HR will make necessary policy interpretations to the employees. Page 4 of 5 Miscellaneous Policy Robi Axiata Limited HR Policy Manual Proposed By : Chief Human Resources Officer Approved By: Management Council Effective : 01 July 2011 Version : 01 Document ID: RAx/HR/001/11 Policy Amendment process HR existing policies may be reviewed and will be revised in the policy manual. The Head of HR will review existing people policies and procedures and recommend for necessary changes in it. Also HR will assess and examine the need for introducing any new policy issues and bring those to the notice of the Management Council. The ultimate decision and approval rest on the management authority. Once the management council approves any new policy or amendments to existing policy, it will become the part of the Robi People policies Procedures Manual. Notwithstanding anything contained in this manual, the Management Council has the discretionary power to make exceptions to any of the policy of this manual. It is very important that all concerned understand and comply with the people policies at the work place. Non-compliance of Company policy is clearly violation of policy and merits disciplinary actions. Page 5 of 5 Miscellaneous Policy